الترتيب يولد الفوضى

الترتيب يولد الفوضى

العلم والمجتمع البشري في نظرية نشوء مُدمجة

تأليف	يوفال نئمان
الناشر	دار النشر معهد فان لير ودار النشر هكيبوتس همِؤوحاد
اللغة	العبرية
سنة الإصدار	1999
سلسلة	"كْشاريم" روابط

أضف إلى السلة

يعرض الكتاب الحالي منهجين متماسكين وأصيلين (ومفاجئين) على خلفية نظرية النشوء النيو- داروينية المُدمجة. في خلفية النظريتين يعرض الكتاب سيرورات حول خلق الكون، وبناء العناصر الكيماوية فيه، وتَشكّل المجرات والنجوم والكواكب، وخلق الحياة، وتطور الأجناس المختلفة إلى حين ظهور الإنسان. من هذه النقطة يتحول النشوء إلى نمو حضاري واقتصادي. في كل عملية نشوء يعمل جهاز يخلق تغييرات عشوائية، وفي المقابل يجري تفعيل عملية انتقاء تُبقي على منظومات حديثة أكثر تطوراً.

في طرحه الأول يشير نئمان إلى دور العلم في عمليّة تطور المجتمع، وهو دور يتلخص في الأساس في إدخال تغييرات عشوائية. في طرحه الثاني يتناول المؤلف تطوّر الأفكار العلمية نفسها، والتي تخضع هي الأخرى لتأثير التغييرات العشوائية. تكمن قوة هذا الكتاب في عشرات الأمثلة المُقنِعة التي يستحضرها المؤلف من جميع المجالات العلمية. بعض هذه الأمثلة يدور حول الأحداث التي سبقت انطلاق كولومبوس في رحلة رمت إلى تقصير المسافات إلى الهند، بالتالي تخفيض أسعار التوابل، وصولا إلى التناقض المنطقي لراسل وايتهيد التي أفضى إلى اختراع الحاسوب المعاصر من قبل الطالب الجامعي ألان تيورينغ.

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